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| Scope of urban Sociology |
Scope of urban sociology.
Introduction.
Urban sociology deals with the relationship between man an environment. It is a study of urban settlement, social relationship, social mobility, social institution and human civilization. Urban sociology covered the largest sociological field of study. The urban sociology not only explain the fact of urban life but also engage to evolution the order to understand the underlying causes and suggest improvement. It investigates the underline causes of social and personal degeneration of the community and person. Let us discuss in brief.
1. The city.
City is the most important center of urban sociology. Sociologists define the city in multiple criteria. In 17th century, the city has become the subject of scientific research of sociologist. It is defined in various ways. Those are logical, statistical, density, occupational etc. The researchers are interested in inquiry of characteristics of a city. It helps the town planner for expansion of city and diminish social inequality. The sociologist what on family relationship, heterogeneity, class struggle and other social relationship in city. Those studies are he used for further urban settlement in city area. The cities are the center of trade and commerce. The sociologist study on ecology of particular area and make a master plan to expand the market in appropriate space. Industrialization is also another aspect of the study in urban sociology. Urban sociological study include all the human, environment and economic constraints of the industry and industrial society. They address the issues and suggest policy to optimum benefit of capitalist as well as labour class.
2. Community.
Urban community consists variety of caste, class and profession. The community experience joint and nuclear, both type of family in various settlement. But today feel lack of unity in their social life. Individual beliefs and values are more important than the collective belief of society. Urban communities are consisted of many cultures. Every group of society are practising their own culture which are different from others. Cultural heterogeneity is a common feature in urban community. Urban life increases their intellectual ability to engage in different profession. In ruler area, the social status are based on the caste and heredity, but in urban cities communities are not bounded by their old social status. The members of the community are demanded they are active status. The active status is based on their intellectual abilities and economic achievements. The urban communities are practising dynamic life. They are always busy to earn livelihood. They’re working hard and compete for their whole life to make money or other resource. Those are the common features of urban community. The urban planner consider all the points in planning of urban settlement.
3. Ecology.
Ecology deals with the relationship between man an environment. The social scientists study the relationship between plants and environment is known as plant ecology. Ecology is important to analyse the geo-physical factor of an urban area. It includes, the study of climate, structure of town, resource, basic amenities etc. The ecological data helps a town planner to plan internal structure of city. Furthermore, It plans the marketplace, streets, transport, drainage etc. The sociologists are studied on culture, population size and density to facilitate the appropriate place to the urban community according to their characteristic a requirement.
4. Urban problems.
Urbanisation is associated with an organised and planned structure of city. It also increased social, cultural and environmental degeneration of society. The sociologist concern of different urban problem emerged in society. Those are urban crime, juvenile delinquency, prostitution, beggary, society, alcoholism, slam etc. The study of those events is important to maintain equality and unity in society. All society has practise moral principles to control the behaviour of its members. In modern society, the moral values are completely disorederd. The humans are more materialistic. They are engaged to attain their materialistic goal. The moral and human values are staying far behind. The urban sociology is the study of all the aspects related to social, cultural and human modification in society. Its implication characterise the society to maintain social fabric.
Conclusion.
Urban sociology explain the subjects of different fields of society. The scope of urban sociology is vast and relates every aspect of society. The sociologist concerns about urban problem, and they try to find the causes of those problems. Urban community practises a fast and dynamic social life. Degeneration of social relationship is one of the crucial problem in urbanisation. It effect the social system in different way. Urban sociologist address those problems. The most important part of the urban sociology is the town planning. Sociologist studies the population and is related environment for constitutes master plan to expansion of a city.
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